Lesson 18 · Gender and plurals

Gender in a sentence

Where gender actually earns its keep: choosing den, dem, einen or einer.

Not started

Knowing that Tisch is masculine is only useful because of what happens next. A noun changes its article according to its role in the sentence — and the change depends entirely on the gender you memorised.

der (m)die (f)das (n)plural
subject (nominative)der Tischdie Fraudas Kinddie Kinder
object (accusative)den Tischdie Fraudas Kinddie Kinder
after mit, zu, bei (dative)dem Tischder Fraudem Kindden Kindern

Read that table across, not down. Only the masculine moves in the accusative — the same thing you learned in Lesson 3. The dative row is where gender does the most work, because der and dem and den all come from different genders.

  • Der Schlüssel liegt auf dem Tisch.

    The key is on the table.

    subject der, then dative dem after auf (location)

  • Ich suche den Schlüssel.

    I am looking for the key.

    masculine object → den

  • Ich gebe der Kollegin die Zeitung.

    I am giving the colleague the newspaper.

    feminine dative → der

  • Ich fahre mit dem Zug.

    I am going by train.

Ich fahre mit der Zug.Ich fahre mit dem Zug.

der Zug is masculine, so the dative is dem. der in the dative belongs to feminine nouns — die Frau → der Frau.

Words from this topic

  • die Adresseaddress
  • der Bahnhofstation
  • das Fahrradbicycle
Next: Accusative pronouns