Curriculum
Built from the lessons you are actually studying. Each topic is a short set of notes followed by exercises that make you produce German. Nothing is locked — you can keep strengthening one level while starting the next.
A1 — Foundations
Sentence structure, the cases, the past, and enough everyday German to get through a day.
25 units · 47 topics
A1 · Start
Hallo! Erste Sätze
Greeting people, saying goodbye, and saying who you are — the sentences you need on day one.
A1 · Lesson 1
Foundations
How a German sentence is built, the present tense, talking about yesterday, and a first look at the future.
Sentence structure
The conjugated verb takes position 2 — always.
Not startedPresent tense
Regular endings, the verbs you already use, and the ones that misbehave.
Not startedPerfekt
The past tense people actually speak: haben/sein + Partizip II.
Not startedTalking about the future
werden + infinitive — and why you often do not need it.
Not started
A1 · Lesson 2
Modals, questions, negation
Saying what you can, must and want to do — then asking about it, and saying no.
A1 · Lesson 3
Accusative and weil
What happens to articles when a noun is the object — and how to give a reason.
A1 · Lesson 4
Dative basics
The four prepositions that force the dative, and what they do to articles.
A1 · Lesson 5
Possessive articles
mein, dein, sein, ihr, unser — saying whose something is, and what happens to the ending.
A1 · Lesson 6
Separable verbs
Verbs that break in half — the prefix flies to the end of the sentence.
A1 · Lesson 7
Numbers, time and dates
Counting, paying, telling the time, naming the day and the date, and saying how often — the most immediately usable German there is.
Zahlen und Preise
Numbers, prices in euros, and paying at a counter.
Not startedClock time and days
Wie spät ist es? — plus um, am and im.
Not startedDatum und Monate
Months, dates, birthdays, and reading a date on an appointment.
Not startedHow often
immer, oft, manchmal, selten, nie — and where they sit.
Not started
A1 · Lesson 8
Location and direction
Where you are, where you are going, where you came from — and why German cares so much about the difference.
A1 · Lesson 9
Comparing and preferring
Saying one thing is bigger, faster or better than another — and which one you would rather have.
A1 · Lesson 10
Longer sentences
und, aber, oder, denn leave the word order alone. weil and dass do not. That is the whole lesson.
A1 · Review
Putting it together
Sentences that need several things at once — where the real difficulty of German actually lives.
A1 · Lesson 11
Reflexive verbs
Verbs that point back at the subject — and the little pronoun that makes them work.
A1 · Lesson 12
Two-way prepositions
Nine prepositions, one decision: are you describing where something is, or where it is going?
A1 · Lesson 13
Telling people things
The imperative: asking, instructing and giving directions without sounding rude.
A1 · Lesson 14
Perfekt, properly
A much bigger verb pool, the haben/sein decision, and enough pattern sense to guess well.
A1 · Lesson 15
Adjectives, carefully
The easy half first: adjectives after sein never change. Then a controlled first look at endings.
A1 · Lesson 16
wenn
Conditions and habits — and what happens to the main clause when the wenn-clause goes first.
A1 · Lesson 17
Real-life A1
The situations you will actually be in: ordering, buying, travelling, booking and asking for help.
Café and shopping
Ordering, asking prices, and buying without pointing.
Not startedTrains and hotels
Getting there, and having somewhere to sleep when you do.
Not startedPlans and asking for help
Making arrangements, declining politely, and getting unstuck.
Not startedBeim Arzt und in der Apotheke
Making an appointment, saying what hurts, and buying medicine.
Not started
A1 · Review
Everything so far
Longer, realistic sentences that need several lessons at once — the last step before the checkpoint.
A1 · Lesson 18
Gender and plurals
der, die or das — and what happens in the plural. The quiet foundation under every article you have learned so far.
der, die, das
Every noun has a gender. Tendencies help; the article is still part of the word.
Not startedPlurals
die Tische, die Frauen, die Kinder — five patterns, and die for all of them.
Not startedGender in a sentence
Where gender actually earns its keep: choosing den, dem, einen or einer.
Not started
A1 · Lesson 19
Pronouns: mich, mir and the rest
Who is doing it, who is getting it. The difference between mich and mir, decided by the verb.
A1 · Lesson 20
Adjectives after der, die, das
The easier half of the ending system: after a definite article it is almost always -e or -en.
A1 · Lesson 21
Short messages
Texts, notes and small emails: greeting, one or two sentences, closing. The German you will actually write first.
A1 · Review
Review: everything so far
Gender feeding case, pronouns chosen by the verb, endings after prepositions, and messages that use all of it.
A2 — Elementary German
Connected language: narrate what happened, explain why, ask politely, and join sentences the way Germans actually do.
21 units · 26 topics
A2 · Lesson 1
Präteritum you actually hear
war, hatte, konnte, musste, wollte — the past forms Germans use in speech instead of the Perfekt.
A2 · Lesson 2
ein guter Freund — all the way
The endings A1 left unfinished: after ein, kein and mein in the dative and the plural.
A2 · Lesson 3
Relative clauses
Das ist der Mann, der hier arbeitet. One sentence inside another, with the verb at the end.
A2 · Lesson 4
Polite German: hätte, wäre, würde
The forms behind ich möchte and ich hätte gern — asking politely, saying what you would like.
A2 · Lesson 5
als or wenn
Als ich klein war … versus Wenn ich müde bin … — one past moment against everything else.
A2 · Lesson 6
Real German, in situations
Explain why, change a plan, describe a problem, tell someone what happened — using everything A2 has taught so far.
A2 · Review
A2 mixed review
Präteritum, adjective endings, relative clauses, Konjunktiv II and als/wenn, together and against each other.
A2 · Lesson 7
der Mann, mit dem ich arbeite
Relative clauses that need the dative, and the ones that start with a preposition.
A2 · Lesson 8
Wenn ich mehr Zeit hätte …
Saying what you would do if things were different — wenn plus hätte, wäre, könnte and würde.
A2 · Lesson 9
Das Auto wird repariert
The passive, aimed at understanding it first: werden plus the participle you already know.
A2 · Lesson 10
das Auto meines Bruders
The genitive, enough to read it and to say wegen des Wetters without hesitating.
A2 · Lesson 11
um … zu and damit
Saying why you are doing something — and the one test that decides which word to use.
A2 · Lesson 12
warten auf, denken an, sich freuen auf
Verbs that come with a fixed preposition — and how to ask Worauf? and answer darauf.
A2 · Real life
Real-life A2
At the doctor, at the counter and on the phone — saying what is wrong, asking for something, and sorting it out.
Beim Arzt
Saying how long it has been going on, what you have already tried, and getting signed off.
Not startedWenn etwas nicht stimmt
Something is wrong with the order: saying so, asking for it to be put right, and making sure you understood.
Not startedAm Telefon
Saying who you are, why you are calling, and what to do when you cannot hear.
Not started
A2 · Reading
Reading connected German
Short everyday texts — a delayed train, a new flat, a day at work — with questions about what they actually say.
A2 · Integration II
Putting it together
Explain a problem in detail, describe a person or place, say what something is for, and answer a short text.
A2 · Review II
A2 cumulative review
Everything A2 has taught, mixed — and still leaning on the A1 grammar underneath it.
A2 · Lesson 13
Wenn ich das gewusst hätte …
Talking about what would have happened — the past version of the hypothetical you already know.
A2 · Lesson 14
dessen und deren
The relative word for "whose" — mostly to recognise, and enough to build a simple one yourself.
A2 · Listening
Understanding spoken German
Dictation and comprehension, from single sentences up to short spoken accounts.
A2 · Review III
Finishing A2
The last two lessons folded back into everything else — and a check that you can still hear it.
B1 — Using German
Connected language put to work: narrate what happened, argue a point, weigh advantages, explain a problem and describe things precisely.
25 units · 28 topics
B1 · Lesson 1
Telling what happened
Several past events in a row: Perfekt in speech, Präteritum where German prefers it, and the connectors that carry a story.
B1 · Lesson 2
Before, after, while
Two events in one sentence: bevor, nachdem and während, and choosing between them from the chronology.
B1 · Lesson 3
Saying what you think
Opinions with reasons behind them: Meiner Meinung nach, Vorteil und Nachteil, einerseits … andererseits, deshalb and trotzdem.
B1 · Lesson 4
Infinitives with zu
Beyond um … zu: ohne … zu, statt … zu, and the verbs that need zu — versuchen, vergessen, anfangen.
B1 · Lesson 5
The passive at work
wird / wurde / ist … worden, and the one every learner needs: muss gemacht werden.
B1 · Lesson 6
Describing precisely
Relative clauses you build rather than recognise: mit dem, bei der, dessen, deren, and wo / was.
B1 · Reading
Connected reading
Longer texts — a move, a lost suitcase, a work email, a forum post, a news report and two opinion pieces — read for the point, the detail and the attitude.
B1 · Listening
Understanding spoken German
Announcements, voicemail, a colleague explaining a problem, and short spoken stories — answered for the point, the detail and the intention.
B1 · Integration I
Putting B1 to work
Explain what happened, argue a case, describe a process, and answer a text — several structures per answer.
B1 · Review
B1 review
Everything from the first B1 phase, mixed together and resting on A1 and A2 foundations.
B1 · Lesson 7
Although, anyway, so that
Contrast and consequence: obwohl against trotzdem, and sodass for the result something had.
B1 · Lesson 8
The more, the better
Proportional comparison with je … desto and je … umso — one pattern, used constantly.
B1 · Lesson 9
Asking politely
Indirect questions: Können Sie mir sagen, wann der Zug kommt? — and ob for yes/no.
B1 · Lesson 10
Passing it on
Reporting what someone said, asked or wanted: dass, ob, indirect questions and bitten … zu.
B1 · Lesson 11
Having things done
lassen in its three everyday jobs: getting something done, letting somebody do something, and leaving something behind.
B1 · Lesson 12
Describing with participles
ein lachendes Kind, die geschlossene Tür — participles doing the work of adjectives.
B1 · Lesson 13
Saying it the right way
The same intention in three registers: to a friend, to a colleague, to an office — greetings, requests and closings.
B1 · Writing
Writing connected German
Complaints, requests, apologies and advice — built sentence by sentence, then written freely and compared against a model.
B1 · Reading II
Reading an argument
Longer texts that take a position — a shift plan, a hotel review, a study, an advice column — read for viewpoint as well as fact.
B1 · Listening II
Longer spoken German
Voicemail, a work handover, a complaint and a change of plans — followed for intention, reason and result.
B1 · Integration II
The whole B1 toolkit
Tell a story, argue a case, report a conversation, handle a formal problem and describe precisely — several structures per answer.
B1 · Review II
B1 review
Everything from both B1 phases, mixed with A1 and A2 foundations and never labelled by lesson.
B1 · Lesson 14
Guessing what has happened
Er wird schon angekommen sein — recognising and using German’s way of saying "it has probably already happened".
B1 · Writing II
Formal messages that work
Complaints, refunds, follow-ups and workplace requests — firm, polite, and structured the way German expects.
B1 · Review III
Before the exam
The whole of B1 in connected tasks — narration, argument, reporting, register and the passive, on A1 and A2 foundations.
B1 Mid-course Checkpoint
The first B1 phase in one sitting: past narration, time clauses, opinions, zu-infinitives, the passive, relative clauses and connected reading. Phase 2 is not assessed here.
B1 Final Exam
The whole of B1 in one sitting: narration, contrast and consequence, argument, infinitives, the passive, relative clauses, indirect communication, lassen, participles, register and connected writing.
B2 — German with precision
Reporting what others claim, reading dense written German, weighing viewpoints against each other, and arguing a position in connected paragraphs.
22 units · 23 topics
B2 · Lesson 1
Reporting what someone claims
Konjunktiv I: how written German passes on what other people say without taking responsibility for it.
B2 · Lesson 2
Nominal style
How written German compresses verbs into nouns — and how to unpack it again when you read.
B2 · Lesson 3
Conditions, exceptions and concessions
falls, sofern, es sei denn, vorausgesetzt dass and zwar … aber — saying exactly which condition you mean.
B2 · Lesson 4
Saying it without the passive
man, sich lassen and -bar adjectives — three ways German sidesteps werden, and what each one changes.
B2 · Lesson 5
Verbs and their prepositions
sich beziehen auf, abhängen von, rechnen mit — the B2 inventory, grouped by preposition and drilled in context.
B2 · Lesson 6
Phrases packed in front of the noun
die von der Stadt gebauten Radwege — reading the densest thing written German does, and unpacking it.
B2 · Reading
Comparative reading
Longer texts and paired texts: two people arguing the same question, read for position, tone, evidence and where exactly they part company.
B2 · Listening
Listening to connected German
Interviews, workplace explanations, complaints and announcements — heard for the position and the point, not just the words.
B2 · Writing
Building an argument
Position, reason, evidence, counterpoint, conclusion — the shape of a German argument, drilled in parts and then written whole.
B2 · Integration
Putting the phase together
Comparing viewpoints, reporting claims, rewriting formal information and stating conditions — several lessons at once.
B2 · Review
B2 Phase 1 review
Konjunktiv I, nominal style, conditions, passive alternatives, prepositional objects and participial phrases, mixed together.
B2 · Lesson 7
Arguing about what would have been
Konjunktiv II put to work: weighing alternatives, judging missed possibilities and hedging a claim in formal German.
B2 · Lesson 8
Modals that report and judge
Er soll reich sein, sie will nichts gewusst haben, das dürfte stimmen — modal verbs used for hearsay and inference.
B2 · Lesson 9
What is to be done
sein + zu and haben + zu: the compact, formal way German states obligation and possibility.
B2 · Lesson 10
Noun plus light verb
eine Entscheidung treffen, Kritik üben, in Betracht ziehen — the fixed pairings formal German is built from.
B2 · Lesson 11
Emphasis and tone
What position 1 highlights, and what doch, ja and eben add to a sentence that is already grammatical.
B2 · Lesson 12
Holding a text together
dabei, demnach, insofern, hingegen, folglich — the connectors that carry an argument from sentence to sentence.
B2 · Reading
Three voices, and the figures
A three-way argument read side by side, plus survey tables read for trend, comparison and overclaim.
B2 · Listening
Hearing who thinks what
Discussions, reports with a reaction and workplace disagreements — followed for position and implication.
B2 · Writing
Summarising and responding
Say what a source claims without copying it, mark whose idea is whose, then answer it.
B2 · Integration
Both phases together
Summarising, reporting, reformulating, evaluating a hypothetical and checking a claim against data — mixed.
B2 · Review
B2 review
Both B2 phases mixed: reporting, reformulating, summarising, arguing and reading figures.
B2 Mid-course Checkpoint
The first B2 phase in one sitting: reported speech, nominal style, precise conditions, passive alternatives, prepositional objects, participial phrases, comparative reading and argument structure.
B2 Final Exam
The whole B2 level in one sitting: reported speech and subjective modals, formal reformulation, conditions, cohesion, comparative and multi-text reading, data interpretation, argument and source summary.
C1 — German with range
Reading long, dense German and doing something with it: interpreting stance, synthesising several sources, reformulating precisely and choosing the register a situation asks for.
24 units · 24 topics
C1 · Lesson 1
How sure are you, and who says so?
dürfte, vermutlich, offenbar, angeblich, laut — the ladder of certainty, and marking a claim as someone else’s.
C1 · Lesson 2
Unpacking dense written German
die von der Bundesregierung im vergangenen Jahr beschlossenen Maßnahmen — finding the head noun, and turning density back into clauses.
C1 · Lesson 3
Formal German built out of nouns
angesichts, im Hinblick auf, unter Berücksichtigung — and knowing when the plain verb was better all along.
C1 · Lesson 4
The little words that carry the attitude
doch, ja, eben, halt, wohl, schon, eigentlich, denn, mal, bloß — what they add, and why a translation will not tell you.
C1 · Lesson 5
Saying exactly how two things are related
zumal, wenngleich, insofern als, ungeachtet, mangels, anhand — formal links that each mean one precise thing.
C1 · Lesson 6
The same thing, seven ways
Chat, email, business letter, report, newspaper, academic prose, spoken presentation — one meaning across all of them.
C1 · Lesson 7
Reading a long argument
Two long commentaries, read for thesis, structure, stance and qualification — not for individual facts.
C1 · Lesson 8
Reading several sources against each other
Three sources on hybrid work and two on language support: what each claims, where they agree, where they collide, and what a fair summary of them looks like.
C1 · Listening
Following a long spoken argument
Interview, lecture, briefing, commentary and expert explanation — heard for thesis, stance, qualification and implication.
C1 · Lesson 10
Writing about what you have read
Attribution, neutral paraphrase, synthesis, and a position that comes after the sources rather than instead of them.
C1 · Lesson 11
Everything at once
Dense text into clear prose, informal into report register, claims reported with the right distance, stance weighed against evidence.
C1 · Review
C1 Phase 1 review
Hedging, density, nominal style, particles, formal links and register — mixed, and asked for by the relationship rather than the form.
C1 · Lesson 7
Saying it without asserting it
Man könnte einwenden, es wäre zu prüfen, daraus ließe sich schließen — Konjunktiv II as analytical distance and diplomacy.
C1 · Lesson 8
Making a paragraph flow
Old information first, new information last — using position 1 to hook each sentence onto the one before.
C1 · Lesson 9
Writing with nobody in the sentence
Es lässt sich feststellen, es ist davon auszugehen, dabei ist zu beachten — academic distance, and its limits.
C1 · Lesson 10
Holding a long text together
vor diesem Hintergrund, dem steht gegenüber, daraus ergibt sich — paragraph-level links, and when to use none.
C1 · Lesson 11
Words that are not synonyms
behaupten / feststellen, ändern / verändern, auslösen / bewirken, sinnvoll / zweckmäßig — and what each one commits you to.
C1 · Lesson 12
Saying it the German way
Es kommt darauf an, es hat keinen Sinn, das ist darauf zurückzuführen — structures German prefers where English uses another.
C1 · Reading II
Reading for the shape of an argument
Two long analytical texts, read for hierarchy, hidden premises, evidence quality and tone.
C1 · Synthesis II
Sources of different kinds
A plan, an interview and a table on one question — and whether the numbers say what the prose claims.
C1 · Listening II
Following a panel and a lecture
Panel, mini-lecture, expert explanation and a briefing — heard for thesis, concession, rejected conclusion and whose view is whose.
C1 · Writing II
Analytical synthesis
The full structure: sources, synthesis, evaluation of evidence, a position, and the limits of that position.
C1 · Integration II
Everything, together
Dense text into clear prose, claims against evidence, flow repaired, distance chosen — Phase 1 and Phase 2 at once.
C1 · Review
C1 review
Both phases in one pass: distance, density, cohesion, precision, synthesis and register — produced, not recognised.
C1 Checkpoint
C1 Phase 1 in one sitting: hedging, dense syntax, nominal style, particles, formal links, register, long-form reading and source synthesis.
C1 Final Exam
Both C1 phases in one sitting: distance and density, register and cohesion, lexical precision, long-form interpretation, source synthesis and evidence evaluation.
More lessons get added here as you learn them. Review always draws on everything you have studied, across every level.