Hypothetical sentences

Both halves of this are already yours. You know wenn with the verb at the end, and you know hätte, wäre, könnte, würde from the politeness lesson. Put them in the same sentence and you can talk about things that are not true.

Wenn + Konjunktiv II …, würde + infinitive. Both halves hypothetical, not just one.

• Wenn ich mehr Zeit hätte, würde ich mehr Deutsch lernen.

  If I had more time, I would learn more German.

  hätte closes the wenn-clause; würde opens the main clause

• Wenn ich in Deutschland wäre, würde ich jeden Tag Deutsch sprechen.

  If I were in Germany, I would speak German every day.

• Wenn ich könnte, würde ich früher kommen.

  If I could, I would come earlier.

• Ich würde das kaufen, wenn es billiger wäre.

  I would buy that if it were cheaper.

  same sentence, the wenn-clause second

The word order holds no surprises — it is the wenn pattern from Lesson 16 of A1, unchanged. The wenn-clause counts as position 1, so when it comes first the main verb lands immediately after the comma: …hätte, würde ich…

Verb, comma, verb. If you have written "…hätte, ich würde…", the verb has slipped to position 3.

Now the one real decision: würde or the verb itself? German avoids saying würde twice, and for four verbs it avoids it entirely — those four have their own Konjunktiv II and use it.

So a typical sentence has hätte or wäre in the wenn-clause and würde in the main clause — and when the main clause is also about having or being, würde disappears from there too: Wenn ich reich wäre, hätte ich ein Haus in Berlin.

• Wenn ich reich wäre, hätte ich ein großes Haus.

  If I were rich, I would have a big house.

  hätte, not würde haben

• Wenn du mehr üben würdest, wärst du schneller.

  If you practised more, you would be faster.

  würdest in the wenn-clause is fine when the verb is an ordinary one

• Wenn ich das wüsste, würde ich es dir sagen.

  If I knew that, I would tell you.

Note wenn du mehr üben würdest: inside the wenn-clause the conjugated würdest* still goes last, behind its own infinitive. The rule that the verb closes the clause outranks everything else.

Finally, be clear about what this is not. Wenn ich Zeit habe, lerne ich Deutsch (indicative) means it genuinely happens. Wenn ich Zeit hätte, würde ich Deutsch lernen means I do not have the time. Same conjunction, completely different claim.