Extended participial attributes

You already know a participle used as an adjective: die gebauten Radwege, "the built cycle paths". Written German goes further and puts the whole rest of the clause in front of the participle, still inside the noun phrase.

• die Radwege, die von der Stadt gebaut wurden

  the cycle paths that were built by the city

  the relative clause you would say

• die von der Stadt gebauten Radwege

  the cycle paths built by the city

  the same thing, folded in front of the noun

Reading rule: find the article, then jump straight to the noun at the end. Everything in between describes it.

• die gestern veröffentlichte Studie

  the study published yesterday

  → die Studie, die gestern veröffentlicht wurde

• die seit Jahren steigenden Preise

  the prices that have been rising for years

  → die Preise, die seit Jahren steigen

• die im Bericht genannten Probleme

  the problems named in the report

  → die Probleme, die im Bericht genannt werden

Which participle appears tells you the voice, exactly as it did at B1. Partizip II (gebaut, veröffentlicht, genannt) is passive: it was done to the noun. Partizip I (steigend, wachsend, betreffend) is active and ongoing: the noun is doing it.

The participle still takes an ordinary adjective ending, and it agrees with the noun at the end — not with anything inside the phrase.

Going the other way — relative clause into a participial phrase — works only when the relative pronoun is the subject of its clause. die Frau, die ich gesehen habe cannot be folded up: there the pronoun is the object.